Role of travel and tourism sector in the attainment of Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia: An analytical study

Tourism is the main service industry significantly developing in the world. It is recognized as the critical factor in economic improvement in various countries. Saudi Arabia is one of the oldest and most famous spots for pilgrimage tourism due to its Islamic heritage. The study analyzes data available on the websites of the Saudi government to specify the contribution of travel and tourism revenue to the economy and its trend, occupancy of residential, and transportation capacity. A tourism satisfaction questionnaire was administered online to get the responses of Saudi nationals and residents related to tourism infrastructure, facilities, and other tourism services in Saudi Arabia. Ranks and percentage analysis were applied to get the relational satisfaction of tourists. Index numbers, ratios, percentages, and coefficient of variations were applied to get the trend, yearly fluctuations, variations, weights, and contribution of tourism avenues. There is a positive but low degree correlation between tourism revenue and the GDP of Saudi Arabia for the period from 2010 to 2018. The results indicate either negative or negligibly positive revenue growth of the accommodation/hotel services, food services, and air transportation. Two-thirds of tourists are either strongly satisfied or satisfied with essential and other tourism services and facilities in Saudi Arabia. Apart from tourist satisfaction, the Saudi government may consider a variety of services as per the economic level of the targeted tourists, and softening of visiting visa procedures and fees to enhance tourism revenue of major contributors for the positive and progressive development to the economy.
AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia, for providing financial support to complete this project (Project No: 2020/02/16978).


INTRODUCTION
In recent years, tourism has been one of the most significant growing industries worldwide and is currently retained to be one of the main service manufacturers in the growing economies. Tourism is a critical factor in the economic improvement strategy for various countries. As tourism can produce income, wealth, and foreign exchange earnings, various countries have joined the competition for attracting domestic and foreign tourists. Tourism has now become one of the principal sources of revenue for the economies. Saudi Arabia is one of the oldest and most famous spots for pilgrimage tourism due to its Islamic heritage. Due to the economic development influenced by the exploration of petroleum and other resources, other sorts of tourism (domestic and outbound) have developed to fill the growing demands of Saudi Arabia's population. Factors like temperature, humidity, climate, and geographical position of the Kingdom are distinguished internationally with deserts, plains, high mountains, hills, which have a great effect in attracting tourists. Saudi Vision 2030 has focused on enhancing travel and tourism, which improves the Saudi economy expectedly. Many people around the world visit Saudi Arabia for different purpos-es such as religious, cultural, medical, and sports tourism. Millions of Muslims visit Saudi Arabia every year for Umrah and Hajj pilgrimages. Cultural tourists have been engaged in understanding Islamic values, traditions, and civilizations from ancient times to the present such as visiting ancient and holy sites like Madain Salih. There are also places famous for mineral water recommended for curing diseases. There are great facilities in the Kingdom for attending sports tourism such as water-sports, hunting, horse and camel racing, which are very popular in the Kingdom, as well as watching or participating in a sporting occasion. Saudi Arabia is playing a significant role in promoting and organizing sports events, and also supporting and participating the sports events in GCC countries. Over the prior few decades, tourism has become a global phenomenon. Tourism has been one of the fastest-growing sectors of the world economy and is generally known for its contribution to local and national levels of economic improvement. The tourism sector is one of the most promising parts of the revenue diversification, and Saudi Vision 2030 visualizes the tourism sector as a significant grant or to job creation, given the governmental plan of expanding the number of jobs opportunities in the tourism sector by almost 50 % up to 1.5 million by 2020.
There are three main objectives of the Saudi Vision 2030 i.e., energetic and enthusiastic society, prosperous economy, and a positively dreaming ambitious nation. The growth and development of the tourism sector of Saudi Arabia will nourish the aims and objectives of Saudi Vision 2030 by diversifying the economy, generating employment, and spreading its culture and heritage in the world. Saudi Arabian government develops its tourism infrastructure in the whole country for national and international tourism. With the private sector cooperation, the Saudi government plans to construct 150,000 rooms in the coming three years and 500,000 rooms by 2030 with the cooperation with local and foreign investors. The COVID-19 pandemic declined the number of passengers by 26 million and affected 200,000 jobs in the tourism sector of Saudi Arabia. To overcome the negativity of the pandemic, the Saudi government initiates to help the private sector, and the tourism sector is targeted in the initiatives. For local tourists, the Saudi government launched the Saudi summer season program that considers the 10 tourism spots in the country (Ministry of Tourism of Saudi Arabia, 2020) to enhance the tourism revenue. Damanhouri (2017) conducted a study regarding the social and cultural aspects of Saudi Arabian tourists and found that family and religious visitors are frequent visitors in Saudi Arabia. Further, it was suggested that the government should provide the transport facility within Makkah city and focus on the health, hygiene, and cleanness facilities during Hajj time specifically. There should be special arrangements for the translators for the foreign tourists. Yusuf (2014) stated that the Middle East is the most underdeveloped tourism place in the world. It was indicated that there is an ample number of opportunities available in the tourism sector, while some cultural and infrastructural factors slow the growth and development of tourism in Saudi Arabia. Khan and Alam (2014) stated that medical tourism has become important in the economy. Saudi Arabian medical system can be developed to attract international medical tourists. It was suggested to develop modern and well-equipped hospi-tals, specialists and stable foreign-trained doctors, and a well-established private health care sector in Saudi Arabia. Khan (2016) focused on diversification of the economy and modernization of the tourism sector to enhance the contribution to the economy. Khan and Callanan (2017) advocated the standardization of the Islamic terms in the context of tourism to make religious tourism convenient for Islamic tourists. Esmail (2018) explained that the industrial sector has a vital impact on the growth and development of the developing economy, and the tourism sector is the most potential sector in the Saudi economy. Mansour and Mumuni (2019) explored motivations and attitudes regarding tourism destinations and activities in Saudi Arabia and found that the safety, security, and cooperation of the local government play a vital role in the development of tourism. Lack of entertaining tourism spots, tourism information, weaker tourism organization services, and harsh weather during summer are the obstacles in the development of Saudi tourism. The focus was on Saudi inhabitants' attitude towards local tourism and negativity towards local tourism comparatively to foreign tourism was found. Monshi and Scott (2017) suggested developing local festivals, events, and celebrations. In Saudi Arabia, sports events can be promoted to enhance local and international tourism and collaboration can be established with the neighboring countries. Abuhjeeleh (2019) stated that tourism accounts for 5% of the world's GDP and 8% of total employment in the world. Saudi Arabia started to diversify the economy. Tourism can be a better option as many places in Saudi Arabia are undiscovered and undisclosed. The government of Saudi Arabia is softening the rules for tourists to enhance the number of tourists,and to reduce the dependency on oil income ultimately. The oil and other petroleum products represent 53% of the Saudi GDP, which makes the Saudi economy exposed to the negative impact of oil price fluctuations (Mahroum & Al-Saleh, 2016). Saudi Arabia, thus, can no longer depend solely on oil and public spending for growth. According to Al-Kibsi et al. (2015), although Saudi Arabia witnessed a prosperous period from 2003 to 2013, it yielded an annual productivity growth among developing countries. The importance of diversifying economic activities is being pivotal for the Saudi government because it reduces the side effects of dependency on oil revenues as the main source of income. Therefore, the creation of Saudi Vision 2030 is to commence the revolution of other sustainable economic resources. One of the sustainable economic resources that Saudi Vision 2030 focuses on is tourism through the creation of tourist attractions, improvement of visiting visa procedures, and development of religious and historical sites (Alshuwaikhat & Mohammed, 2017). Tourism investment is important for long-run growth, and an essential factor of developing a strategic growth planning process concentrated on income determinants (Du et al., 2016). Tourism and travel create job opportunities and develop trades and booming economy. The World Travel and Tourism Council (2018) reported that the total contribution of the travel and tourism sector to the global GDP and employment growth represents 10.4% and 9.9%, respectively. The growth of the tourism and travel sector is expected to increase by 11.7% of the GDP by 2028. Even though the growth of tourism not only reflects positively and directly on industries such as hotels, airlines, and travel agencies but also has a positive indirect contribution to other activi-ties including the restaurant and entertainment industry (World Travel and Tourism Council, 2018). Saudi Arabiais a primary destination for visitors to the holy sites of Makkah and Madinah. Although Saudi Arabia experiences great GDP growth, tourism revenues contribution to the GDP is still low. Tourism in Saudi Arabia needs more development of railway transportation, airlines, accommodations, attractions, entertainment activities, amusement parks and theme parks activities (Ali, 2018). Constructing smart cities along with convenient and high-quality public services would improve the diversification of the GCC economy (Saxena & Al-Tamimi, 2018). Tambo (2017) suggested that the promotion and development of tourism and hospitality provided with a high level of quality of infrastructure and services are significant for the satisfaction of tourists and Makkah and Medina visitors. Saudi Arabia aimed that tourism provides up to 10% of the GDP of Saudi Arabia, but contrasted to just 3% today (Karantzavelou, 2019). Saudi Arabia presents enormous potential for tourism and entertainment in the region, which is granted with many rich assets. Its demographic, geographic, social, cultural, and economic advantages have allowed it to gain a leading position in the world (Shabir & Sharma, 2019). The economy of Saudi Arabia is dependent on natural resources, such as petroleum, and oil-based products, which face various challenges during the period of recession, emergency, and oil price shocks in the international market (Waheed et al., 2020). Travel and tourism contribute 10.30% to the global GDP (8 trillion USD), and 3.5% growth was recorded in 2019, while the world economy's overall growth rate was 2.5%. There were 330 million jobs provided by the travel and tourism sector, which is accounted for 10% of the total jobs. Saudi Arabia reported the fastest growing (14%) economy in travel and tourism GDP in 2019, while 70% of the travel and tourism rely on international spending, which is the lowest among the top 20 countries in the world (World Travel & Tourism Council, 2020). The World Travel & Tourism Council and the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage state that the private sector of travel and tourism industry is expected to present Saudi Arabia as a top-five destination, with 100 million domestic and foreign visits by bringing vital domestic and foreign investment and generating a million jobs. The tourism sector is one of the most prominent sectors recognized to diver- (2020) explained that countries giving preference to low carbon energy sources that affect the economy of oil-exporting nations are forced to search for new avenues to diversify their economy. Jamel (2020) found that tourism positively affects the economic growth of Saudi Arabia. CO 2 emissions and financial development are favorable while trade openness is negatively associated with tourism development. However, CO 2 emissions, financial development, and trade openness enhance the economic growth and development of Saudi Arabia. Alalmai and Arun (2020) found that religious tourism has a positive effect, while climatic conditions, strict rules for foreign tourists, and lack of information on tourist spots negatively affect Saudi travel and tourism. Diversified tourism packages, advertising of tourist spots, advanced information tech-nology, and infrastructure can enhance tourism in Saudi Arabia. Religious restrictions, perception of international tourists towards Saudi Arabia, and weaker promotion of tourism are the robust barrier in the path of development of Saudi tourism. Triki (2019) suggested the economic growth and development of Saudi Arabia by diversifying the economy and focusing on religious travel and tourism. Given the lack of tourism studies in Saudi Arabia, there is a need to consider the role of the travel and tourism sector in the sustainable economic development of Saudi Arabia. In addition, it is crucial to analyze problems and prospects of Saudi travel and tourism to attain the objective of a thriving economy of Saudi Vision 2030 and enhance the ranking of Saudi travel and tourism universally.

AIM, OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY
The study aims to find out the contribution of the tourism sector in strengthening the Saudi economy to achieve the goals of Saudi Vision 2030. The objectives of the study based on primary and secondary data are as follows: 1. To specify the contribution of tourism revenue to the GDP of Saudi Arabia.
2. To specify the trend of composition and contribution of tourism revenue avenues of Saudi Arabia.
3. To specify tourist satisfaction with tourism services in Saudi Arabia.

Hypotheses of the study
Following are the hypotheses of the study formulated to achieve the objectives of the study:

METHODOLOGY
This study is based on primary and secondary data obtained from the Saudi nationals, other residents, and available material on the websites of the General Authority for Statistics of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia Monetary Authority (SAMA) and the World Travel & Tourism Council. Trend analysis, as well as such statistical tools and techniques like index numbers, correlation, and coefficient variations (CV) were applied to analyze travel and tourism data to obtain the contribution of the travel and tourism sector in the Saudi economy, the composition of tourism revenue, and movement of tourism revenue avenues. An online questionnaire (Appendix B) was distributed and 272 responses were obtained. The results specified the satisfaction of tourists with tourism infrastructure, essential services, and facilities of Saudi Arabia. Percentage and ranks are applied to analyze the collected responses of tourist satisfaction with essential and other services and tourism facilities in Saudi Arabia. In addition, the percentage is applied to analyze the occupancy of transport services and hotels. Following formulas are applied to get the trend (I FB ), yearly fluctuations (I CB ), average trend growth rate (GR AT ), variations among the average trend growth rate (CV ATGR ), and tourism revenue avenues weights (W

Limitations of the study
The study is based purely on the primary and secondary data, as well as information taken from the websites, and responses of the Saudi nationals and expats regarding evaluation of the Saudi tourism services and facilities. The primary data applied in the study is only for a limited period (from 2010 to 2018) and the accuracy of the secondary data depends upon the knowledge and experience of the respondents towards Saudi tourism.

DATA INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS
To fulfill the objectives of the study, analysis can be divided into two categories: tourism and the Saudi economy, and tourism satisfaction in Saudi Arabia.

Tourism and the Saudi economy
Saudi Arabia is the fastest-growing travel and tourism sector in the world. The relative study or movement of tourism revenue with the Saudi GDP explains the relative contribution to the economy.  Table A1). Thus, there is no perfect correlation between tourism revenue and the GDP of Saudi Arabia. Hence, H 0 1 is accepted.
The composition and weight trend of sources of tourism revenue explain the importance of individual sources of tourism revenue and their comparative trend. Accommodation for visitors (21.54%), food and beverages services (33.59%), air transportation (26.98%) are the most contributing avenues in tourism revenues in Saudi Arabia, while railway transportation (0.18%), water transportation (0.02%), and cultural activities (0.48%) have very low average contribution or weights in total tourism revenue. The average trend of the growth rate of the sources of tourism revenue of Saudi Arabia is significantly different as the coefficient of variation (1.86) is above 1. There is a significant difference among the average growth rate of the sources of tourism revenue of Saudi Arabia. The average trend of growth rate (GR AT ) of most contributing avenues either negative (accommodation for visitors = -14.15) or very low (food and beverage services = 1.51, air passenger transport = 0.18). Hence, H 0 2 is rejected. The overall revenue of the tourism sector of Saudi Arabia is in decline trend as it was 100 (assumed) in 2016 comparing to 92 and 96 in 2017 and 2018 respectively (Appendix A, Table A2). Accommodation for visitors, food and beverages activities, and air transportation are the main sources of income for the tourism sector of Saudi Arabia. Railway transportation, water transportation, cultural activities, other special tourism services, and sports and recreational activities are the least revenue generated services in Saudi tourism. Hence, fluctuations in the accommodation, food and beverages services, and air transportation affect the revenues of the tourism sector of Saudi Arabia (Appendix A, Table A2).
The contribution trend of tourism revenue avenues to the GDP of Saudi Arabia explains the degree and direction of the individual tourism revenue avenues to the GDP. The growth trend of the major contributors to tourism revenue i.e., accommodation for visitors (1.04% of GDP), food and beverages services (1.57% of GDP), air transportation (1.27 % of GDP) is -17.44, -1.41, and 2.79, respectively. Small contributors (≤ 0.25% of GDP) i.e., sports and recreational activities (12.76%) and other specific tourism services (11.31%) contribute positively (Appendix A, Table A3). The average growth trend of sports and recreational activities and other specific tourism services is not affecting the GDP positively because its average contribution to GDP is 0.12% and 0.03% only. Therefore, there is no significant incremental trend of the contribution of all tourism revenue avenues to the GDP of Saudi Arabia. Hence, H 0 3 is accepted. There is a proportionate decrement in the contribution of total tourism revenue to GDP seen in previous years. The contribution of tourism revenue to GDP was 5.32%, 4.60%, and 4.21% in 2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively. As per data of the General Authority for Statistics (2018), the local passenger transport services (64.02%) are lesser utilized than the international passenger services (80.25%) in Saudi Arabia. The transportation and residential facilities also play a vital role in the growth and development of the travel and tourism of a nation. The transportation and residential facilities of Saudi Arabia are not fully occupied. In local transport services, land transportation occupied capacity (60.61%) and air transportation occupied capacity (64.76%) is lesser occupied than the capacity of the railway (91.67%) and water transportation (85.71%) (Appendix A, Table A4). The room occupancy in Saudi Arabia is enhancing but still below 70% of the total capacity for the period from 2010 to 2018 (Appendix A, Table A5).

Tourist satisfaction in Saudi Arabia
Tourist satisfaction refers to the satisfaction of tourists in the context of tourism infrastructure, services, etc., of a particular place, territory, or nation. The overall satisfaction can be divided into i.e. essential services and facilities, and other services and factors.
Essential services and facilities refer to food, health, residential, emergency, safety and security, cleanness of tourist spots, washroom and toilet facilities, communication (mobile and internet), transportation facilities at tourist spots. Based on tourism satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, 29%, 37%, and 23% of tourists are strongly satisfied, satisfied, and neutral, while 8% and 3% of tourists are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied with essential services and facilities of Saudi tourism. The rank analysis of tourists' responses regarding essential services and facilities reveals that the overall rank of the satisfied, strongly satisfied, and neutral opinions is 1,2, and 3 respectively, while 4 and 5 are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied. In Saudi Arabia, 66% of tourists are either strongly satisfied or satisfied, and 23% have neutral opinions about essential services and facilities of tourism (Appendix A, Table A6). Thus, there is no significant dissatisfaction among tourists regarding the essential services and facilities of tourism in Saudi Arabia. Hence, H04 is accepted. In general, there should be efforts to convert all the neutral, dissatisfied, and strongly dissatisfied tourists into satisfied or strongly satisfied by providing better food (26% neutral), transportation (25% neutral), and cleanness of tourist spots (24% neutral). Neutral tourists should be made satisfied or strongly satisfied. Washroom and toilet facilities (12% dissatisfied and 7% strongly dissatisfied) and cleanness of tourist spots (11% dissatisfied and 5% strongly dissatisfied) should be facilitated. Satisfied tourists i.e., strongly satisfied and satisfied tourists have a negative opinion on residential services, washroom and toilet facilities, mobile, and internet, transportation, and cleanness of tourist spots (Appendix A, Table A6).
Other services, facilities, and factors comprise beauty and pleasing services; shopping, sports, and recreation, relaxation facilities; attitude or be-havior of residents, tourist guides and tourism information, nightlife, presence of hawkers and beggars, etc. Based on tourism satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, 28%, 36%, and 25% of tourists are strongly satisfied, satisfied, and neutral, while 7% and 4% of tourists are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied with other services and facilities of Saudi tourism. The rank analysis of the tourists' responses regarding other services and facilities reveals that the overall rank of the satisfied, strongly satisfied, and neutral tourists is 1,2, and 3 respectively, while 4 and 5 are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied tourists. In Saudi Arabia, 64% of tourists are either strongly satisfied or satisfied, and 25% have neutral opinions about other services and facilities of tourism (Appendix A, Table A7). Therefore, there is no significant dissatisfaction with essential services and facilities of tourism in Saudi Arabia. Hence, H 0 5 is accepted. Overall, there should be efforts to convert neutral (25%), dissatisfied (7%), and strongly dissatisfied (4%) into satisfied or strongly satisfied tourists by providing guides and tourism information (31% neutral), beauty and pleasing services (27% neutral), sports and recreational facilities (26% neutral), better nightlife (8% dissatisfied), and touristic spots free from the hawkers and beggars (8.5% dissatisfied). Tourists in Saudi Arabia are strongly dissatisfied with the presence of beggars and hawkers at tourist spots. Satisfied tourists i.e., strongly satisfied and satisfied tourists have negative opinions about beauty and pleasing services, shopping facilities, tourist guides, and tourism information (Appendix A, Table A7).

RESULTS
There is a positive but low degree (r=0.32) correlation between tourism revenue and the GDP of Saudi Arabia. Short-term or yearly fluctuations reveal the negativity (r=-0.08) between the tourism revenue and the Saudi GDP. The absolute amount of tourism revenue and the GDP of Saudi Arabia are increasing year by year. The tourism revenue of Saudi Arabia and the GDP of Saudi Arabia has increased by 10% and 49% approximately (from 2010 to 2018) (Appendix A, Table A1). Movement of tourism revenue and the GDP analysis refers to an increment of absolute tourism contribution in the Saudi GDP while losing in a proportionate con-tribution. The average growth rate of major sources of tourism revenue either negative (accommodation = -14.15%) or growth rate is very low (food and beverages services = 1.51%; and air transportation = 0.18%). Overall, there is negativity (-4.32%) in the tourism revenue avenues (Appendix A, Table A2). All the negative growing trend tourism revenues are related to either hotel facilities, transportation, or other special tourism services. The growth trend of the major contributors to tourism revenue i.e.,accommodation for visitors (1.04% of the GDP), food and beverages services (1.57% of the GDP), air transportation (1.27 % of the GDP) is -17.44, -1.41, and -2.79, respectively. Small contributors (≤ 0.25% of the GDP) i.e., sports and recreational activities (12.76%) and other specific tourism services (11.31%) contribute positively but affect the GDP negligibly (Appendix A, Table  A3). The passenger transport services, hotel, and associated facilities contribution trend are negative in Saudi Arabia. Passenger transport services in Saudi Arabia are not fully occupied (64.02%) (Appendix A, Table A4) and the hotel occupancy is below 70% (from 2010 to 2018) (Appendix A, Table A5). The survey on the satisfaction of tourists reveals that 29%, 37%, and 23% of tourists are strongly satisfied and satisfied, while 8% and 3% of tourists are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied with the essential services of Saudi tourism. The overall rank of the satisfied, strongly satisfied, and neutral tourists regarding the essential tourism services and facilities are 1,2, and 3 respectively, while 4 and 5 are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied tourists. In Saudi Arabia, 66% of tourists are either strongly satisfied or satisfied, and 23% have neutral opinions about essential tourism services and facilities (Appendix A, Table A6). In Saudi Arabia, 28%, 36%, and 25% of tourists are strongly satisfied, satisfied, and neutral, while 7% and 4% of tourists are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied with other services and facilities of Saudi tourism. The overall rank of the satisfied, strongly satisfied, and neutral tourists regarding other tourism services and facilities is 1, 2, and 3 respectively, while 4 and 5 are dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied tourists. In Saudi Arabia, 64% of tourists are either strongly satisfied or satisfied and 25% have neutral opinions about essential services and facilities of tourism (Appendix A, Table A7). There is negativity seen in the accommodation facilities and their level of services, and transportation facilities and their services. In Saudi Arabia, tourists are dissatisfied with residential services, washrooms and toilets, mobile and internet, transportation, and the cleanness of tourist spots. Viewing tourist satisfaction regarding other facilities related to Saudi tourism, the level of beauty and pleasing services, shopping facilities, availability of tourist guide services is low. Hawkers and beggars are also a considerable problem for tourists in Saudi Arabia. Air and road transportation can start to explore the undisclosed places and make them easily reachable for tourists. In Saudi Arabia, worldclass residential facilities, food and beverages facilities, and safety and security can enhance satisfaction and attract more tourists. It will also enhance the revenue of Saudi Arabia. Saudi government can study the constraints of air transportation and the reasons responsible for the low air and land transportation rate to enhance their impact on the tourism revenue of Saudi Arabia. Sport and recreational activities, and other specific tourism services are the fastest growing avenues of Saudi tourism. In Saudi Arabia, the satisfaction of most tourists is above the average. However, the satisfied customers have problems related to services i.e. residential services, washroom and toilet facilities, mo-bile and internet, transportation, and cleanness of touristspots. The cleanness of tourist spots, and washroom and toilet facilities are also the highlighting factors to enhance the level of satisfaction. Other services, facilities, and other tourism-related factors affect tourism negatively i.e. beauty and pleasing services, shopping facilities, tourist guides, and tourism information. Alalmai and Arun (2020) found that lack of information on tourist spots negatively affects Saudi travel and tourism. In addition, hawkers and beggars are the factor that affects the tourists at tourist spots. Food and accommodation facilities, the need and requirement of tourists regarding the transport services are considered to enhance the contribution of overall tourism revenue in the Saudi economy. Alshuwaikhat and Mohammed (2017) stated that tourist attractions, simple visiting visa procedures, and the development of religious and historical sites enhance tourism revenue.

CONCLUSION
The study focused and outlined the trend of composition and contribution of tourism revenue to the GDP of Saudi Arabia, and tourist satisfaction with essential and other services and tourism infrastructure in Saudi Arabia in attaining the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030. The tourism revenue of Saudi Arabia enhances absolutely but is not proportional to the GDP. The growth of major contributors of tourism revenue is either low or negative i.e. accommodation, food and beverages services, and air transportation. The contribution of accommodation, food and beverages services, air transportation, and railway transportation is negative due to the low enhancement of absolute amount comparatively to the GDP in Saudi Arabia. In general, tourists in Saudi Arabia are either strongly satisfied or satisfied with the essential services and facilities of tourism. Only residential facilities and safety and security are the services that lower the satisfaction of tourists. Dissatisfied and strongly dissatisfied tourists' proportion is negligible and very low in Saudi Arabia. In addition, regarding other services and facilities, tourists in Saudi Arabia are either strongly satisfied or satisfied. Only shopping facilities, tourist guides, and tourism information are the services that lower the satisfaction of tourists. Saudi government can take some steps to provide excellent residential, accommodation, and food services to boost the level of tourist satisfaction. In its turn, it will also enhance the level of international air transportation, local land transportation, and utilize the capacity of hotel occupancy. It is essential to enhance the satisfaction of tourists with washroom and toilet facilities, mobile and internet, transportation, and cleanness of tourist spots. Beauty and pleasing services, shopping facilities, tourist guides, and tourism information are the other factors that attract and enhance the satisfaction of tourists. Tourist spots must be free from beggars and hawkers who create the nuisance in the leisure of tourists. Additionally, to achieve the objective of the thriving economy of Saudi Vision 2030 and to attract more tourists, the government may focus on providing a variety of services as per the economic level of the targeted tourists, and soften visiting visa procedures and fees. Limited availability of primary data regarding travel and tourism of Saudi Arabia and unwilling responses of some respondents are the limitations of the study. There is further research scope available in the Saudi tourism sector based on the contribution of inbound and outbound tourism in the Saudi economy. r = 0.32 r = -0.08 Note: GDP at producers' value and at current price.