Giang Ha Hai

Financial leasing companies in Vietnam have been established for more than 20 years. However, little is known about the determinant factors of the brand image of these companies. This study aims to measure the associated factors of the brand image of financial leasing companies in Vietnam by employing a cross-sectional study from March to June 2021. An online survey using Google Forms has been sent via email to 350 people, including directors, deputy directors, relevant heads of departments, and employees of financial leasing companies in Vietnam. A total of 298 participants agreed to participate in the survey (the response rate is 85.1%). The Cronbach’s alpha of every factor is higher than 0.8 (ranges from 0.824 to 0.949). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results show that the values of Composite Reliability are all higher than 0.7 and ones of Average Variance Extracted are all higher than 0.5, which assure the reliability and validity of the scale. Structural Equation Model (SEM) has been applied, and model fit indexes have been calculated to test the research hypotheses. The findings show that cooperate social responsibility positively affects the brand image of financial leasing companies in Vietnam. Moreover, the result confirms the mediating role of enterprise strategy and operational efficiency for companies’ competitiveness and brand image. These results indicate that managers at finance leasing companies and stakeholders should have suitable policies to increase competitiveness and corporate social responsibility for the sustainable development of financial leasing companies in Vietnam.

Acknowledgment
This paper is a collaboration between the School of Business and Economics and the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research of Duy Tan University. The authors thank the leaders of the two institutions for helping to make the research cooperation successful.

Audit fees and audit quality have received the attention of stakeholders, clients, audit firms, and third parties. Each subject has its own opinion on determining influencing factors and their relationship. This study aims to investigate the determining factors of audit fees and audit quality in Vietnam. Using random data collection, a questionnaire was created on Google forms and sent to auditors from the 4th quarter of 2020 to the end of the 1st quarter of 2021. 267 valid auditors’ responses in 28 audit firms were used for data analysis. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to determine relationships between observed variables and factors. The measurement model and recommended hypotheses were confirmed by structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS 26 and AMOS 26. The study results show that contract types and audit complexity, audit firms’ reputation, size, and risk significantly impact audit fees and audit quality. In addition, the specialization of the audit firms does not have a positive effect on audit quality but on audit fees. The audit tenure has no statistical impact on audit fees and audit quality. Notably, audit fees statistically affected audit quality. Several implications can be applied, such as increasing the firm size, performing the procedures in response to audit risk, separating audit contract types, and determining the complexity of audit projects and specialties.

Financial statements of Vietnamese commercial banks must be audited annually by an auditing firm according to the Government’s regulations. This study identifies factors associated with firm performance and external audit selection. The decision to choose an auditing firm is considered an intermediate variable to determine the degree of impact of some factors on the performance of commercial banks. This study was conducted by interviewing 265 managers holding high positions as CEOs and CFOs at 30 commercial banks in Vietnam. The non-probability sampling method was applied. The survey was produced using Google Forms and sent directly to participants. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is applied to test hypotheses. The results show that except for the complexity of a firm, the factors such as legal environment, audit fees, audit firm size and reputation, bank governance, audit experience, and relationship positively impact external auditor selection. Besides, external auditor selection significantly affects firm performance. This study’s conclusions from the viewpoints of bank managers open the door to promising and timely future research. It is necessary to deepen and broaden academic understanding of the ideas and determining elements influencing external auditor selection and firm performance. More research is needed to fully comprehend this problem and move towards a policy solution.