Wojciech Duranowski

Policymakers, educators, and businesses must develop artificial intelligence-related initiatives and strategies to effectively engage and benefit the population. The study aims to evaluate awareness and readiness to utilize artificial intelligence by the adult population of Ukraine in 2022. The paper employed a questionnaire consisting of two sets of questions: 1) awareness of artificial intelligence and 2) readiness to use artificial intelligence. A total of 806 respondents were interviewed via an online survey. The margin of error does not exceed 5%. The results indicate that while Ukrainians have a generally positive view of artificial intelligence, they remain skeptical about the prospect of robots functioning as workplace partners. The majority find it difficult to envision collaborating with a robot in a professional setting (only 36.9% of Ukrainians are ready to work with a robot). The survey highlights that the primary benefits of AI products and services valued by Ukrainians include timesaving, increased comfort, and enhanced service accessibility. Ukrainian men demonstrate a greater degree of commitment and awareness of artificial intelligence products/services than Ukrainian women. Young people are the most informed age group about artificial intelligence products/services. Residents of the western regions indicate a more significant impact of artificial intelligence on the present, unlike respondents from the eastern regions of Ukraine.

Acknowledgment
This research was funded by a grant “Restructuring of the national economy in the direction of digital transformations for sustainable development” (№0122U001232) from National Research Foundation.

One of the main challenges in higher education management is the complexity of resource optimization and increasing volumes of data, which limits the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making. The application of artificial intelligence can address these issues.
The present study aims to identify the key trends, knowledge gaps, and opportunities for further research into the economic effects of using artificial intelligence and ChatGPT tools in higher education. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify and screen the scientific articles related to the topic of this study indexed in Web of Science and Scopus from 1986 to 2024. A total of 234 articles were selected, all demonstrating positive growth both in scholarly output and citation count. The study identified the key contributors to scientific research on this topic by region (the United States, China, and India). It concluded that the relevant research centers are still at an early stage of their development. Based on bibliometric clusters formed by co-occurrence relations, three main areas of research were defined: 1) artificial intelligence in education for decision-making; 2) process automation and digital transformation in educational institutions; 3) artificial intelligence technologies and their application in education.
The study highlights the main areas of economic effects of artificial intelligence and ChatGPT tools in higher education, including reducing administrative costs, saving time for teachers and students, and improving the quality and accessibility of educational process.

Acknowledgments
The publication is part of the research topic “Economic Basics of Technology Diffusion into the National Economy of Ukraine Considering Best International Practices” (№0124U003482).

This study aims to comprehensively assess the state’s financial security of Ukraine in the context of mounting debt and economic instability. Particular attention is paid to the security of the financial sector, which determines the overall level of financial system security. This involves constructing a regression model of the relationship between the level of financial security and debt, the size of the economy, and reserves, as well as forecasting likely medium-term dynamics.
Modeling revealed imbalances. During the war, the level of financial security dropped to a critical level, providing only about 30% of the required level of economic protection. One of the most vulnerable components was debt security, which shows a high degree of dependence on external financing. Regression modeling demonstrated a clear negative correlation between the amount of external debt and the level of financial security, with each increase in the debt burden being accompanied by a decrease in the integral index. Conversely, despite being observed, the positive impact of GDP growth proves insufficient to counterbalance the identified threats. Consequently, if current trends persist, Ukraine’s financial security level may decline to 16.6% by 2030, indicating an imminent approach to a critical point of macro-financial vulnerability.
The study highlights the pressing need to reconsider public financial policy, particularly concerning debt management, budget planning, and the modernization of the financial system. This is essential not only to sustain the economy but also to safeguard the state in the face of an existential threat.

Acknowledgment
This study was financially supported by the NATO SPS Program “Security of territorial communities: evidence from the Eastern European countries”.
Also, this article is published as an output of the project “Economic bases for managing Ukraine’s debt security during martial law” (No. 0121U112685).