Fauzul Hanif Noor Athief

The sharia insurance industry has experienced significant development from year to year. A sharia insurance company’s efficiency is crucial because it reflects its capacity to generate outputs from resources. This study aims to enhance comprehension of the efficiency of sharia insurance currently studied by doing a comprehensive literature study. This study selected 429 published articles about Islamic insurance indexed by Scopus between 2010 and 2022. 32 final articles that met the criteria that discussed efficiency as the primary study included in the qualitative synthesis analysis were selected. As a result, this study succeeded in revealing the development of sharia insurance efficiency studies based on the number of publications, authors, countries, subject areas, sources of publications, and cited articles. The study found four main methods researchers used to measure the efficiency of Sharia insurance. This study also revealed several studies comparing the efficiency level between conventional and sharia insurance. Furthermore, the study’s results were mapped based on the significance of the influence of variables on the efficiency of Sharia insurance. This study offers a new opportunity for further development in methods and variables of the efficiency of sharia insurance.

Religiosity is one of many essential aspects that stands as the motivation of people’s behaviour. Its importance expands to the field of banking, especially Islamic banks that take Islamic teaching as their backbone. This study aimed to seek religiosity motivation among Islamic bank depositors by exploring the possible asymmetric effect of interest rates on the type of deposits. By using the NARDL approach, this study investigates the relationship between the conventional deposit interest rate on the type of depositors and deposit maturity by using monthly data from April 2015 until March 2020 of Indonesia’s Islamic banks. The results show that government deposit in Islamic bank is not affected by the raise of interest rate. In addition, all deposits that showed the possibility of asymmetry effect indicated that the increase of interest rate (LIR+) has a positive coefficient. In general, Indonesian Islamic bank depositors’ are religiously loyal and not attracted to the fluctuation of interest rates. The result also found that short-run asymmetric dynamics show convergent to long-run asymmetry after an average of 15 months. As for the policy implications, stakeholders must ease the regulation of Islamic banks such as the conversion of conventional banks to Islamic banks, since it is proven that customers are mainly religiously driven.

The economic development of villages has a substantial impact on community welfare. It can become the backbone of the national economy. However, significant obstacles in village development are lack of human resources (HR), high poverty rates, poor common welfare, justice, and prosperity values. In 2022, in Indonesia there are 9584 underdeveloped villages. Some of the causes of the weak economic condition of a village are economic potential was not optimized, and excessive government interference stifled creativity and independence. This study seeks to explore the extent of the positive impact of the sharia economic implementation model in developing the village’s economy and the model’s potential as an alternative solution to building the economy of poor villages. This paper used descriptive qualitative methods, observations, and interviews with community leaders, community representatives, and the regency office. The results show that the economic development strategies carried out by Gerdu Village had three stages, namely (1) education and cooperation, (2) implementation and management, and (3) evaluation and planning. In addition, the internal driving factor behind the success of the village’s development lies in the activeness of village leaders in implementing sharia economics. As for cooperation with external parties, National Zakat Institution, related local department government, and other institutions around the village have also actively assisted in its development. Positive impacts on the community include increased employment opportunities, income, tourist visits, and tourism and language village programs. This study is expected to be one of the references to explain the Islamic economy’s role in advancing the poor village’s economy.

Acknowledgment
We would like to express our utmost gratitude to the Department of Sharia Economic Law Study Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta and the Department of Islamic Economics, Universitas Airlangga for supporting this study and its publication process.

While adhering to the unique principle of Islamic value, Islamic banks are subject to any occurring crisis, just like other banks in common. After the end of the COVID-19 crisis, it is important to determine whether Islamic banking can demonstrate its resilience based on the unique values it upholds. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to capture how Islamic banks performed during the unprecedented challenge posed by COVID-19. By utilizing the data generated from financial reports, this study employs the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) method that was introduced by Indonesia Central Bank and SCnP (Sharia Conformity and Profitability) measurement. The findings show that by utilizing RGEC, the study classifies Islamic banks into tiers of health, distinguishing 7 as very healthy, 5 as healthy, and 2 as fairly healthy. Meanwhile, SCnP sheds light on the balance between Sharia conformity and profitability, highlighting 2 Islamic banks with commendable equilibrium, 5 displaying a tilt towards high profitability and low conformity, 4 with a tendency towards Shariah conformity with low profitability, and 3 struggling with challenges in both aspects. The study concludes the overall financial resilience of the majority of Islamic banks in Indonesia during the pandemic while noting that some banks faced challenges in achieving a harmonious balance between profitability and Sharia conformity.

Grounded in the financial development-economic growth nexus, this study aims to explore the role of Islamic banking in shaping sectoral economic growth in Indonesia. Specifically, it examines the effects of Islamic bank financing (IBF) and non-performing financing (NPF) on sectoral GDP to identify variations in their impact across key sectors. Using quarterly time-series data from 2011Q1 to 2024Q3, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed to examine short-term and long-term relationships. Findings reveal sector-specific variations in the effects of IBF and NPF. In the long run, IBF has a significant positive impact on the education sector (13.13), health (3.95), accommodation (3.30), and construction (2.73). In contrast, IBF shows a significantly negative effect in agriculture (–87.65), fisheries (–21.49), and real estate (–5.04). NPF generally shows negative effects on sectoral GDP, particularly in accommodation (–136.67), education (–1122.11), and manufacturing (–215.75), while showing unexpected positive effects in health (234.46) and real estate (7.50). Short-term analysis highlights both positive and negative effects of IBF and NPF, with notable variations across sectors where IBF boosts GDP in health (2.73) and sales (3.04), but negatively impacts manufacturing (–2.38) and fisheries (–8.04); NPF has a short-term negative effect in accommodation (–90.38) and education (–433.93), with lagged positive adjustments in some sectors. Lagged effects of NPF suggest delayed financial adjustments and sector-specific recovery patterns. These findings provide sector-specific empirical insights that can inform the design of more effective Islamic financial policies and targeted interventions to support inclusive and sustainable economic growth.