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In the context of digital transformation, the education sector needs innovative solutions to ensure continuity and quality of the learning process amidst contemporary challenges. One solution is using cloud technologies, which allow for the virtualization and replication of key institutional processes, from academic programs to campus operations. In this regard, this article aims to identify the challenges associated with the concept of cloud universities and their impact on the resilience of higher education. A science mapping analysis is conducted based on the most relevant scientific papers indexed in the international Scopus database from 2000 to 2024 using Scopus and SciVal built-in tools and the Science Mapping Analysis Tool. The results show a significant increase in the number of studies, especially within the fields of Computer Science and Social Sciences, dedicated to the use of cloud services and technology in education, with a growing focus on “digital twins”. The application of science mapping tools revealed key trends in research development, which evolved from the development and optimization of cloud infrastructure and difficulties of technological usage and the adoption of new technologies by users to the deep integration of various technologies into the educational process, exploring their reception by students and teachers, as well as the effectiveness of these initiatives. The analysis identified key challenges cloud universities face, such as the need for reliable technical infrastructure, adherence to cybersecurity standards, preparing educators and students for working with new technologies, financial costs of implementing cloud technologies, and ensuring academic integrity.

Acknowledgments
The publication was part of the Erasmus+ project “Disaster Resilience in Higher Education Systems via a Cloud University Model” (project number 2O24-1-AT01-KA220-HED-000249632).