Adel Ghonim

Flexible work arrangements (FWAs) have become a cornerstone of modern organizational practices, offering solutions to enhance employee engagement and adapt to evolving workplace demands. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of flexible work arrangements on job engagement, focusing on how dimensions such as workload flexibility, workplace flexibility, and flexible working hours influence employee vigor, dedication, and absorption within the Egyptian telecommunications sector. A descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 300 employees across different departments in the Egyptian Telecom Company. Statistical analyses, including correlation and regression, were employed to test the relationships between the variables. The findings reveal that FWAs significantly enhance job engagement, explaining 62% of the variance in engagement levels. Flexibility in workload emerged as the strongest predictor (β = 0.28), followed by flexible workplace (β = 0.25) and flexible working hours (β = 0.22). Flexible workplace and working hours also had substantial impacts, reflecting the importance of spatial and temporal flexibility in addressing employee needs. While flexible working procedures contributed positively, their influence was comparatively lower, indicating the operational constraints of the telecommunications sector. The results underscore the practical value of FWAs in enhancing workforce motivation and organizational performance. By strategically implementing tailored FWA policies, organizations in dynamic sectors like telecommunications can foster a more engaged and adaptable workforce, ensuring resilience and competitiveness in a rapidly changing environment.

Acknowledgment
The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.

Dispute resolution in Islamic banking presents unique legal and procedural challenges due to the dual requirement of compliance with national laws and Islamic Sharia principles. This study aims to evaluate the legal and practical effectiveness of arbitration in resolving Islamic banking disputes, particularly in terms of efficiency, compliance with Sharia, and institutional trust. A qualitative approach was employed, based on semi-structured interviews with 12 domain experts, including Islamic banking professionals, arbitrators, legal advisors, and Sharia scholars, each with 10–25 years of experience in relevant fields.
The findings indicate that 83% of respondents (10 out of 12) believe arbitration is more efficient than litigation in Islamic banking disputes, particularly in terms of speed and confidentiality. 75% of participants identified the lack of codified Sharia-compliant arbitration frameworks as a major limitation to broader adoption. Meanwhile, 67% emphasized the absence of a unified Sharia Supervisory Board as a critical institutional gap affecting arbitration legitimacy. Furthermore, 58% of experts pointed to weak trust in arbitration outcomes among financial institutions as the key reason arbitration clauses are often excluded from contracts.
Despite these barriers, 92% of respondents agreed that arbitration has high potential to resolve Islamic banking disputes effectively if institutional and legislative reforms are implemented. The study recommends establishing standardized arbitration protocols, enhancing regulatory oversight, and developing Sharia-aligned legal infrastructure.
These insights contribute to the broader discourse on Islamic finance governance and offer practical recommendations for policymakers, arbitration centers, and financial institutions seeking to enhance dispute resolution mechanisms in line with Sharia principles.

Acknowledgment
The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at the University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.