Uliana Pysmenna

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
The study examines regional convergence and divergence in the development of household solar energy in Ukraine during 2016–2022 and explores implications for adaptive energy management and policy coordination. Using β- and σ-convergence models, the analysis investigates whether regional household solar electricity generation demonstrates tendencies toward structural alignment or, conversely, follows autonomous trajectories that indicate the absence of a common attractor. The results reveal a lack of both beta- and sigma-convergence, implying that initial regional conditions exerted little influence on subsequent development and that disparities across regions have persisted or even deepened over time. These findings suggest a divergent and spatially fragmented pattern of solar energy expansion, where regional dynamics are determined not only by differences in economic and institutional capacity but also by disruptions linked to the onset of the full-scale Russian invasion in 2022. The study emphasizes the need for a more adaptive and integrated energy policy that recognizes regional heterogeneity, supports decentralized renewable energy deployment, and strengthens coordination between national and local authorities. Such an approach would enhance the effectiveness of planning and implementation of household renewable energy programs, contributing to a more balanced and resilient low-carbon transition in Ukraine.

Acknowledgments
The publication was prepared in the framework of the research project “Formation of economic mechanisms to increase energy efficiency and provide sustainable development of renewable energy in Ukraine’s households” (No. 0122U001233), funded by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine.