Volodymyr Kyryliuk

The article analyzes the current state, trends and problems of formation and development of social capital of Ukrainian companies. The key role of social capital in the processes of economic and financial efficiency is substantiated. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of social capital and its components on the socio-economic development of the company in the current economic environment. The study of modern theoretical aspects of interpreting the essence of a company’s social capital made it possible to determine the actual interpretation of the concept. Diagnostics of the current state of social capital in Ukrainian companies is carried out using sociological research tools proposed by the authors. The article determined the main problems related to the formation and development of social capital at the company level, considered an increase of trust, development of leadership qualities of the leader, development of social interaction between employees as key factors of social capital increase at the organizational level. Besides, the conclusions on the directions of social capital development under current trends of social cohesion are substantiated.

The relevance of the article is due to the need to determine the conceptual directions for strengthening the competitiveness of the national labor market in the context of intensifying international processes in the area of competition for highly qualified workers and investments in the creation of new modern workplaces. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and conceptual foundations of ensuring the competitiveness of the national labor market. This problem is considered from the position of strategic importance for Ukraine, as it reflects the key societal socio-economic processes and forms the prerequisites for achieving the goals of sustainable development. As a result of the analysis of the state policy of Ukraine to overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic for the employment sector and the labor market, its ineffective practices were noted – the coronavirus restrictions were implemented against the background of the complete withdrawal of the state from real financial assistance and effective measures to support the employment sector. The main reasons that hold back the attraction of foreign investments for the creation of new jobs are indicated such as the disproportion of demand and supply; destructiveness of social dialogue processes in the labor market; low quality of labor legislation, low employment rates and a huge volume of the shadow segment. Recommendations have been developed on the use of practical tools for the development of the competitive advantages of Ukraine’s labor market, namely, strengthening the professional and qualification qualities of the workforce, modernizing the state policy of attracting capital investments, overcoming the shadow segment of the labor market, improving the legal and regulatory regulation of remote work, developing digital employment platforms, introducing progressive foreign practices of regulating the labor market in conditions of pandemic restrictions.

The article discusses the key problems and prospects for optimizing tariff policy and the system of subsidies in the housing and communal sector of Ukraine. The study focuses on assessing the impact of tariff policy on the financial burden of households, the effectiveness of subsidy programs, and the prospects for introducing digital platforms for administering social support. The author emphasizes the relevance of the issue in the context of economic challenges, in particular, the growth of tariffs for housing and communal services and insufficient targeting of subsidies. The need to improve social support mechanisms, ensure transparency in tariff setting, and stimulate energy efficiency is identified. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the current state of tariff policy and its impact on social stability. Quantitative and qualitative analysis is applied to study the effectiveness of subsidy programs and mechanisms for their targeted provision. The importance of digitalization of management processes in the housing and communal services sector, in particular, the introduction of the Unified Information System of the Social Sphere, is emphasized. The article outlines promising areas for the development of tariff policy, including the integration of market-based pricing mechanisms, tariff liberalization and the creation of a competitive environment. The materials can be useful for scientists, experts in the field of housing and communal services, government agencies, as well as international organizations dealing with energy efficiency and social policy. Prospects for further research include the development of tariff regulation models focused on social justice and economic efficiency.