Digital wallet adoption and customer loyalty: The mediating role of satisfaction and moderating effects of regions in Vietnam
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Received August 26, 2025;Accepted January 15, 2026;Published February 26, 2026
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Author(s)Huyen Thi NguyenLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9364-9741
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Minh Huong ToLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5620-5961
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Thu Thi NguyenLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1850-5052
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DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.22(1).2026.14
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Article InfoVolume 22 2026, Issue #1, pp. 184-204
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Type of the article: Research Article
Abstract
Vietnam’s rapid transition toward cashless payments offers a pertinent context for examining post-adoption behavior in digital finance. This study investigates the determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty among MoMo e-wallet users, with particular attention to the mediating role of satisfaction and the moderating influence of the Urban-Rural Digital Divide. A cross-sectional survey of 1,015 active users across Vietnam’s North, Central, and South regions was conducted from September 2023 to September 2024 using both online and offline methods. Integrating TAM, UTAUT2, SERVQUAL, and Expectation-Confirmation Theory, the model includes perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, service quality, social influence, hedonic motivation, and regulatory awareness as antecedents of satisfaction and loyalty. Covariance-based structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were employed to test the hypothesized relationships.
The findings confirm the central mediating role of satisfaction: service quality, trust, perceived usefulness, hedonic motiva-tion, and regulatory awareness significantly enhance satisfaction, which in turn strongly predicts loyalty. Loyalty is additionally shaped by service quality, trust, social influence, and perceived ease of use. Perceived ease of use and social influence do not significantly influence satisfaction, indicating that these factors diminish in importance as users gain experience. The Urban-Rural Digital Divide moderates several relationships, with rural users placing greater emphasis on trust and hedonic motivation, whereas urban users prioritize perceived usefulness and regulatory awareness. The study contributes to post-adoption FinTech research and provides context-specific implications for improving service performance, regulatory communication, and digital financial inclusion in Vietnam.
Acknowledgment
This study would not have been possible without the support and guidance of several individuals and organizations. We extend our sincere gratitude to Thuyloi University; International school- Vietnam National University, Hanoi, and Banking Academy of Vietnam for providing the academic environment and financial support that made this research possible.
Furthermore, we would like to express our gratitude to our family and friends for their unwavering support and encourage-ment throughout this research journey.
- Keywords
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JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)O33, M31, G21, R11, D12
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References40
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Tables8
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Figures2
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- Figure 1. The research model
- Figure C1. SEM result
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- Table 1. Composite reliability and convergent validity of constructs
- Table 2. Fornell and Larcker criterion evaluation
- Table 3. Model fit evaluation results
- Table 4. Results of the model SEM
- Table 5. Results of the model differences between the urban and rural
- Table A1. Variable codebook
- Table B1. Measurement scales and constructs
- Table D1. Respondent demographics
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Investigation
Huyen Thi Nguyen
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Methodology
Huyen Thi Nguyen
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Software
Huyen Thi Nguyen
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Writing – original draft
Huyen Thi Nguyen, Minh Huong To, Thu Thi Nguyen
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Conceptualization
Minh Huong To, Thu Thi Nguyen
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Data curation
Minh Huong To, Thu Thi Nguyen
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Formal Analysis
Minh Huong To
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Resources
Minh Huong To
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Supervision
Minh Huong To
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Validation
Minh Huong To
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Visualization
Minh Huong To
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Writing – review & editing
Minh Huong To
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Investigation
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Factors affecting service quality at Vietnamese retail banks
Banks and Bank Systems Volume 13, 2018 Issue #2 pp. 39-48 Views: 7991 Downloads: 1883 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯSustainable growth and development can be the most important lesson that banks have learned in recent decades. Banks would gain many benefits, win the competition and develop sustainably if there have been more and more loyal customers. Customer satisfaction will help build customer loyalty. In order to have loyal customers, service quality must be good. Quality customer service of the bank is to ensure customer satisfaction and take their needs into consideration to improve service quality. High customer service quality will generate value not only to meet customer needs but also the expectations of customers and make banks more prominent than their competitors. This study identifies factors that affect customer satisfaction with the service quality at Vietnamese retail banks. The results are obtained by qualitative and quantitative method. The research model with a questionnaire consisting of 22 variables, 5 scales for a survey of 554 customers, is identified and developed through interviews with experts and group discussions. The findings show that customer satisfaction with the service quality at retail banks is influenced by “reliability”, “responsiveness”, “empathy”, “security”, and “tangibles”. Based on the findings, solutions for improving service quality are proposed for Vietnamese retail banks.
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Short video marketing factors influencing the purchase intention of Generation Z in Vietnam
Thi Thuy An Ngo
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Phu Quach
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Thanh Vinh Nguyen
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Anh Duy Nguyen
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Thi Minh Nguyet Nguyen
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.19(3).2023.04
Innovative Marketing Volume 19, 2023 Issue #3 pp. 34-50 Views: 7375 Downloads: 2215 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯIn the digital age and technological advancements, short video platforms have become essential tools for online sales and marketing. In addition, shopping through short video marketing has gained significant attention, especially among Generation Z, as it brings unique and novel shopping experiences. The primary goal of this study is to explore the factors of short video marketing that influence the purchase intentions of Generation Z consumers in Vietnam. To conduct this study, a quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire administered online through a non-probability sampling method. The sample comprised 350 respondents aged between 16 and 26 from Vietnam, representing Generation Z, who made purchases through short video marketing. The relationships among various variables were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study’s results demonstrated a positive, significant, and direct relationship between all factors of short video marketing, including interesting content, perceived usefulness, scenario-based experience, user interaction, perceived enjoyment, and involvement of celebrities and consumer brand attitude. Among these factors, perceived usefulness is the most influential factor on customer brand attitude. In addition, the study revealed that consumer brand attitude, acting as a mediating variable, had a positive and significant impact on consumers’ purchase intentions. Based on the findings, the study suggested strategies for businesses to enhance the quality and content on short video platforms, thereby improving the effectiveness of their marketing strategies.
Acknowledgment
The authors express a sincere gratitude to all the participants who generously took part in this research study. -
Examining the influence of social media marketing on purchase intention: The mediating role of brand image
Innovative Marketing Volume 19, 2023 Issue #4 pp. 145-157 Views: 4757 Downloads: 1761 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯSocial media has revolutionized how businesses connect with consumers, going beyond product promotion to understanding consumer preferences. It is undeniable that social media plays a pivotal role in shaping consumer purchase decisions, as more individuals turn to these platforms to seek advice and opinions from peers. The current study engaged 410 Indian consumers, employing a quantitative approach backed by rigorous statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS software. The goal was to unravel the intricate dynamics between social media marketing, brand image, and purchase intentions. The findings highlight a significant and positive relationship between social media marketing efforts and brand image perception. Moreover, it was discovered that brand image significantly influences consumers’ purchase intentions. Surprisingly, it did not find a direct and significant impact of social media marketing on purchase intentions.
Notably, the study revealed a crucial insight: the influence of social media marketing on purchase intentions is fully mediated by the perception of brand image. In light of these results, businesses are encouraged to establish a strong presence on social media platforms to effectively promote their products and services. Organizations can effectively steer consumer purchase intentions by harnessing the synergy between social media marketing and brand image.Acknowledgment
This study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University project number (PSAU/2023/R/1444).

