The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the due payments of Polish entreprises from selected industries

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The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly caused many perturbations, at the same time hindering the functioning and operation of enterprises from various industries, which, due to the often inability to conduct business, found themselves in a very difficult financial situation, with a difficult ability to settle their liabilities. Too high share of receivables that are not settled in a timely manner can result in various problems for enterprises, including, in particular, financial problems that can lead to large-scale bankruptcy. Considering a huge number of connections between individual entities, the bankruptcy of one may pose a risk of a wave of bankruptcy of others. The paper aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the payment situation of Polish enterprises. The research was conducted on the basis of an analysis of data on the payment situation of Polish enterprises from selected industries. Basic descriptive statistics was used in the study to characterize the material. The non-parametric Wilcoxon pair order test, which is the equivalent of the Student’s t-test for related variables, was used for the research. The research proved that at enterprises from almost every industry, the value of debts at the end of the second quarter of 2020 was higher than in the first quarter. It can therefore be concluded that the outbreak of the pandemic contributed to an increase in arrears, which, in turn, resulted in an increased risk of doing business. The greater the share of arrears with contractors, the greater the risk of financial problems at the enterprise, and hence the increased risk of bankruptcy.

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    • Figure 1. Due payments at the end of Q1 and Q2 by industry
    • Figure 2. Share of companies with problems in a given sector at the end of Q1 and Q2
    • Table 1. Value of due payments at the end of the month (in PLN billion)
    • Table 2. Share of companies with problems in a given sector at the end of Q1 and Q2
    • Table 3. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between due payments in Q1 and Q2 and the share of companies with problems in Q1 and Q2
    • Conceptualization
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Data curation
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Formal Analysis
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Investigation
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Methodology
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Project administration
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Supervision
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Validation
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Visualization
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Writing – original draft
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk
    • Writing – review & editing
      Robert Dankiewicz, Bartłomiej Balawejder, Tomasz Tomczyk, Viktor Trynchuk